| aida | 間（あいだ） | while; during; between |
| aida ni | 間に（あいだに） | while/during~ something happened |
| amari~nai | あまり～ない | not very, not much ~ |
| ato de | 後で（あとで） | after~; later |
| ba | ば | conditional form; If [A] then [B] |
| baai wa | 場合は（ばあいは） | in the event of; in the case that |
| bakari | ばかり | only; nothing but ~ |
| dake de | だけで | just by; just by doing |
| dasu | 出す（だす） | to begin to; to start to; to burst into; ... out (e.g. to jump out, to carry out) |
| de gozaimasu | でございます | to be (honorific) |
| demo | でも | or something; how about~ |
| dewa nai ka | ではないか | right?; isn't it? |
| ga hitsuyou | が必要（がひつよう） | need; necessary |
| ga suru | がする | to smell; hear; taste |
| gari | がり | someone tends to; has a tendency to; has a sensitivity to ~ |
| garu; gatteiru | がる・がっている | to show signs of; to appear; to feel, to think ~ |
| gozaimasu | ございます | to be, to exist (the polite form of いる/ある) |
| hajimeru | 始める（はじめる） | to start; to begin to ~ |
| hazu da | はずだ | it must be; it should be (expectation) |
| hazu ga nai | はずがない | cannot be (impossible) |
| hitsuyou ga aru | 必要がある（ひつようがある） | need to; it is necessary to |
| irassharu | いらっしゃる | to be; to come; to go (polite version) |
| itashimasu | いたします | to do (polite form of する) |
| janai ka | じゃないか | right? isn't it? let's~; confirmation |
| ka dou ka | かどうか | whether or not ~ |
| ka shira | かしら | I wonder~ |
| kai | かい | turns a sentence into a yes/no question |
| kamo shirenai | かもしれない | might; perhaps; indicates possibility |
| kana | かな | I wonder; should I? |
| kara tsukuru | から作る（からつくる） | made from; made with |
| kitto | きっと | surely; undoubtedly; almost certainly; most likely |
| koro / goro | 頃（ころ / ごろ） | around; about; when |
| koto | こと | Verb nominalizer |
| koto ga aru | ことがある | there are times when |
| koto ga dekiru | ことができる | can; able to |
| koto ni naru | ことになる | It has been decided that..; it turns out that.. |
| koto ni suru | ことにする | to decide on |
| ku suru | くする | to make something ~ |
| kyuu ni | 急に（きゅうに） | quickly; immediately; hastily; suddenly; abruptly; unexpectedly ~ |
| made ni | までに | by; by the time; indicates time limit |
| mama | まま | as it is; current state; without changing ~ |
| matawa | または | both; or; otherwise; choice between [A] or [B] |
| mitai da | みたいだ | like, similar to, resembling |
| mitai na | みたいな | like, similar to ~ |
| mitai ni | みたいに | like; similar to ~ |
| mo | も | as many as; as much as; up to; nearly ~ |
| na | な | don’t ~ (order somebody to not do something) |
| nado | など | such as, things like ~ |
| nagara | ながら | while; during; as; simultaneously |
| nakanaka~nai | なかなか～ない | not easy to; struggling to; not able to ~ |
| nakereba ikenai | なければいけない | must do something; have to do something |
| nakereba naranai | なければならない | must do something; have to do something |
| nara | なら | if; in the case that ~ |
| nasai | なさい | do this (soft/firm command) |
| nasaru | なさる | to do (honorific) |
| ni ki ga tsuku | に気がつく（にきがつく） | to notice; to realize |
| ni mieru | にみえる | to look; to seem; to appear |
| ni suru | にする | to make something ~ |
| nikui | にくい | difficult to do ~ |
| no naka de | の中で（のなかで） | in; among ~ |
| noni | のに | although, in spite of, even though ~ |
| noni | のに | to (do something); in order to ~ |
| nowa~da | のは〜だ | [A] is [B]; the reason for [A] is [B] |
| o~kudasai | お～ください | please do (honorific) |
| o~ni naru | お～になる | to do (honorific) |
| oki ni | おきに | repeated at intervals, every ~ |
| owaru | 終わる（おわる） | to finish; to end~ |
| rareru | られる | potential form; ability or inability to do something |
| rashii | らしい | it seems like; I heard; apparently ~ |
| sa | さ | -ness ; nominalizer for adjective |
| sakki | さっき | some time ago; just now |
| saserareru | させられる | causative-passive; to be made to do something |
| saseru | させる | causative form; to make/let somebody do something |
| sasete kudasai | させてください | please let me do |
| sasuga | さすが | as one would expect; as is to be expected; even ~ |
| shi | し | and; and what’s more ~ (emphasis) |
| sonna ni | そんなに | so much; so; like that |
| sore demo | それでも | but still; and yet; even so ~ |
| sore ni | それに | besides; in addition; also; moreover ~ |
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