Lesson 3
| Sentence Pattern : ここ / そこ / あそこ / こちら / そちら / あちら | ||
| ここ / そこ / あそこ refer to a place. ここ is the place where the speaker is. そこ is the place where the listener is, and あそこ is the place far from both the speaker and the listener. | ||
| こちら, そちら and あちら are demonstrative words referring to direction. And also used to refer to location in which case they are politer than ここ, そこ and あそこ | ||
| Ex. Koko 1. ここ は じむしょ です。 This is office. Ex. Soko 1. そこ は としょかん です。 There is a library. Ex. Asoko 1. にわ は あそこ です。 The garden is over there. |
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| Sentence Pattern : N1 は (place) desu. | ||
| it is indicates where the place,thing or person is. | ||
| Examples 1. じむしょ は あそこ です。 The office is over there. 2. ベン さん は レストラン です。 Mr. Ben is in the restaurant. 3. でんわ は さんがい です。 The telephone is on the third floor. |
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| Sentence Pattern : どこ/どちら | ||
| どこ & どちら - どこ means “where” どちら means “which direction” どちら can also mean “where” in which case it’s politer than “どこ” |
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| Examples 1. トイレ は どこ ですか？ ...あそこ です. Where is the toilet? ...It's over there. 2. エレベーター は どちら ですか？ ...そちら です. Where is the elevator? ...It's over there. |
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| どこ or どちら - it is also used to ask the name of a country, company, school or any place or organization a person belongs to. You cannot use なん (what) どちら is politer than どこ. | ||
| Examples 1. がっこう は どこ ですか？ What is the name of your school? 2. かいしゃ は どちら ですか？ What company do you work for? |
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| Sentence Pattern : N1 の N2 | ||
| When N1 is the name of a country and N2 is a product, it means that N2 is made in that country. When N1 is the name of the company and N1 is a product, it means that N2 is made by that company. In this structure, どこ it is an interrogative that used when asking where or by what company something is made. の it will used particle to connecting 2 nouns and denotes where a thing made of. |
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| Examples 1. これ は どこの コンピュ-タ- ですか？ Where this is computer made? 2. にほん の コンピュ-タ- です. It's made in Japan. |
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| Sentence Pattern : おくに | ||
| okuni - prefix お is added to the word concerning the listener or a third person in order to express the speaker respect to the person. |
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| Examples 1. おくに は どちら ですか？ Where are you from? |
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| Sentence Pattern : The こ / そ / あ / ど system of demontratives | ||||
| こ Series | そ Series | あ Series | ど Series | |
| Thing | これ | それ | あれ | どれ |
| Thing / Person | この | その | あの | どの |
| Place | ここ | そこ | あそこ | どこ |
| Place / Direction (polite) |
こちら | そちら | あちら | どちら |
Related Articles: List of Japanese Sentence Structure
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